Ecosystem mapping : Country factsheet
France 🇫🇷
Key facts
Population
Current population of France –
67,749,632
Data supplied by the World Bank
GDP
Current GDP of France –
2,957,879.76 ($ millions)
Data supplied by the World Bank
World Happiness Index
France currently ranks 6.687 out of 10.
Since 2002, the World Happiness Report has used statistical analysis to determine the world’s happiest countries. To determine the world’s happiest country, researchers analysed comprehensive Gallup polling data from 149 countries for the past three years, specifically monitoring performance in six particular categories: gross domestic product per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make your own life choices, generosity of the general population, and perceptions of internal and external corruption levels.
Country factsheet: ESEM SEs in France
(Source: ESEM)
Perceived Political Support Grade
- 35.9% perceive national political support for social entrepreneurship to be low, very low or non-existent
Top 3 Business Sectors (UN ISIC)
- Human health and social work activities (28.2%)
- Education (17.9%)
- Administrative and support service activities (7.7%)
Company Size (OECD)
- Micro enterprises 59.0%
- Small enterprises 23.1%
- Medium enterprises 12.8%
- Large enterprises 5.2%
Top 3 UN SDGs
#10 – Reduced inequalities (56.4%)
#8 – Decent jobs and economic growth (46.2%)
#3 – Good health and wellbeing (43.6%)
Impact Management & Measurement
- 66.6% currently measure their social/environmental impact; 30.8% plan to do so
- 30.8% refer to the UN SDGs in impact reporting; 20.5% plan to do so
Top 3 Beneficiaries (Persons)
- Individuals with very low income/debts/in poverty (35.9%)
- Individuals living in rural/remote areas (28.2%)
- Long-term unemployed (28.2%)
Top 3 Sources of External Financing
- Public financing (69.2%)
- Foundation funding (48.7%)
- Bank loan (33.3%)
Funding Gap
On average, French ESEM SEs only managed to secure enough funding to meet 64.7% out of 100% of their financing needs in the past 12 months. Gap = 35.3%.
Top 3 Key Barriers
- Too complex public financing (51.3%)
- Lack of options to finance the organisation once started (43.6%)
- Poor understanding/awareness of social enterprises among the general public and customers (33.3%)
Key Stakeholders & Members
EN Members
Avise
Type of organisation: National Network for Social Enterprises, Social Enterprise Umbrella Organisation
Website – www.avise.org
Avise is a non-profit agency committed to serving the public interest with a headcount of around 30. It can rely on support from board members representing the French SSE and an extensive network of partners keen to promote the ecological and solidarity transition. Today, Avise is the go-to partner for the SSE ecosystem. For the past 20 years, Avise has been enabling and encouraging the development of the social and solidarity economy (SSE) and social innovation in France and Europe by making its expertise and resources available to SSE businesses and the bodies that support them.
Cress Mayotte
Type of organisation: Social Enterprise Umbrella Organisation
Website: www.cress-mayotte.org
CRESS Mayotte is committed to promoting democracy and solidarity in the economy (SSE). Main focus and activities include:
-
- Structure and represent the SSE: CRESS Mayotte ensures the promotion and development of the social and solidarity economy at the local level.
- Support the development of SSE companies and sectors
- Awareness raising and visibility of SSE
Empow’Her
Type of organisation: National Network for Social Entrepreneurs, Social Incubator
Website: www.empow-her.com
Empow’Her acts to reduce inequalities in the entrepreneurship sector that prevent women from launching and carrying out their projects successfully. They directly mobilise women entrepreneurs and take parallel actions to transform the sector by focusing on collaboration and awareness. Empow’her is committed to supporting women entrepreneurs, not as a result of a single program or training tool. Empow’Her is committed to supporting women, in ALL their entrepreneurial problems. To do this, they mobilise different learning approaches and different support tools to maximise their impact.
Impact France
Type of organisation: National Network for Social Enterprises
Website: www.impactfrance.eco
Mouvement Impact France brings together a community of pioneers who have demonstrated that another business model is possible and that companies can grow by respecting the 4 pillars: social impact, ecological impact, value sharing and power sharing. Impact France is a network uniting social and ecological impact entrepreneurs in France. Impact France is the leading lobbying and business network of economic actors with a social and ecological impact.
The Impact France Movement has a dual entrepreneurial and political project, which it intends to include in a European and international perspective in order to contribute to a fairer, more united and more sustainable society.
Pulse Group SOS
Type of organisation: International Network for Social Enterprises/Enterpreneurs, Social Incubator and Accelerator
Website: www.pulse.groupe-sos.org
PULSE was founded on the conviction that each of us can become a change-maker if given the opportunity. Since 2006, Pulse’s mission is to lead positive change in all regions to create pathways towards entrepreneurship as a lever for inclusive and sustainable development.
Pulse creates favourable conditions to foster the emergence of civil society and entrepreneurial ecosystems worldwide, through our programs and awareness-raising activities. In Africa and Europe, Pulse develops support courses within their incubators and beyond, thanks to digitalized and travelling tracks. Pulse also works to empower local organisations to strengthen their services to entrepreneurs.
ScaleChanger
Type of organisation: Training centre/Institute, Accelerator, Knowledge centre/platform, Social Enterprise Umbrella Organisation
Website: www.scalechanger.com
ScaleChanger supports impact-driven organisations in their scaling ambition so they can maximise their social impact. ScaleChanger contributes to the deployment of social innovations by supporting impact-proven solutions to scale.
Other Stakeholders
Incubators/Accelerators
Coming soon
Funders
Coming soon
Universities/Research Centres
Coming soon
Key Policies
Key Legal and Policy Framework Overview
Introduction
Framework Law on Social and Solidarity Economy (2014)
Law on Collective Interest Cooperative Societies (2001)
Ordinance No. 2015-899 of 23 July 2015 on public procurement
Fiscal Directive (1998)
Financing and Support Measures
Key policy documents
Coming Soon
Funding Partners
Relevant Resources
Blended value co-creation: A qualitative investigation of relationship designs of social enterprises
Details Year: 2021 Published in: Journal of Business Research Cited as: Felix Ostertag, Rüdiger Hahn, Inan Ince, Blended value co-creation: A qualitative investigation of relationship designs of social enterprises, Journal of Business Research, Volume 129, 2021, Pages 428-445, ISSN 0148-2963, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.02.006. Subject Text here... Abstract Social enterprises access large networks of stakeholders to gain strategic [...]
Social enterprise and its relationships to the territory: The contribution of humanist geography to the Actor-Network Theory.
Details Year: 2020 Published in: Annales de Géographie Cited as: Glémain, P. (2020). "Social enterprise and its relationships to the territory: The contribution of humanist geography to the Actor-Network Theory." Annales de géographie 731(1): 62-82. Abstract The social and solidarity economy-based enterprises or “social enterprises” are considered to be “anchored to their territory”. But what [...]
Design Thinking and Social Enterprises: A Solution‐Focused Strategy for Social Enterprise Research
Details Year: 2019 Published in: European Management Review 16.3 (2019): 799-813. Cited as: Agafonow, Alejandro. "Design Thinking and Social Enterprises: A Solution‐Focused Strategy for Social Enterprise Research." European Management Review 16.3 (2019): 799-813. Abstract Had we had the vantage point of centuries of experimentation with social enterprises, separating the wheat (i.e., successful social enterprises) from [...]
Tools for local development: multi-level governance for a solidarity-based economy in Italy and France
Details Year: 2019 Published in: UNTFSSE: Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals: What Role for Social and Solidarity Economy? Cited as: Guarascio C., 2019. Tools for Local Development: Multi-level Governance for a Solidarity-based Economy in Italy and France. UNTFSSE: Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals: What Role for Social and Solidarity Economy? Subject Two case studies (Italy and [...]
Social innovations around labour questions in social enterprises – Historical perspective from case studies in Picardy
Details Year: 2019 Published in: Marché et Organisations Cited as: Celle, Sylvain. « Les innovations sociales autour du travail dans les entreprises de l’ESS – un éclairage historique à partir d’études de cas en Picardie », Marché et organisations, vol. 36, no. 3, 2019, pp. 39-60. Abstract Français L’innovation sociale est une catégorie qui a [...]
Setting the bar of social enterprise research high. Learning from medical science.
Details Year: 2018 Published in: Social Science & Medicine Cited as: Agafonow, A. (2018). "Setting the bar of social enterprise research high. Learning from medical science." Social Science & Medicine 214: 49-56. Subject Text here... Abstract Both dysfunctional blood cells and physical exercise, despite the former being pathological and the latter completely normal, make one's [...]
Diversity of social enterprise models in South Korea
Details Year: 2018 Published in: VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Cited as: Bidet, E., Eum, H. & Ryu, J. Diversity of Social Enterprise Models in South Korea. Voluntas 29, 1261–1273 (2018). Abstract In this paper, we analyse the emergence and development of social enterprise in South Korea. Our purpose is to show how different broad, [...]
Relevant Research Experts
Pascal Glémain
PhD Pascal Glémain France pascal.glemain@univ-rennes2.fr Universities & Institutions Université de Rennes 2 Areas of Interest Financial analysis Sustainability Social theory Monetary economics Pascal Glémain is a Senior Researcher at the Université de Rennes 2, Department of Economics and Social Asministration. Among other responsibilities, he is an Assistant Professor-Post Doctorate Graduate in Management Sciences and in [...]
Christopher Williams
PhD Christopher Williams France chris.williams@neoma-bs.fr Universities & Institutions NEOMA Business School Areas of Interest Business Strategy Strategy Business Process International Business Management Consulting Innovation Christopher Williams is an Associate Professor at the NEOMA Business School. Christopher spent two decades in industry before entering academia. During this time he worked for international companies such as GEC, [...]
Ana Colovic
PhD Ana Colovic France ana.colovic@neoma-bs.fr Universities & Institutions NEOMA Business School Areas of Interest Small business SMEs Social enterpreneurship Technology and innovation Ana Colovic, PhD, HDR, is Full Professor of Strategy and International Business at NEOMA BS. She conducts research in the fields of Entrepreneurship, Regional Development, Strategy and International Business. Her research interests include [...]
Paolo Veneri
PhD Paolo Veneri France paolo.veneri@-oecd.org Universities & Institutions Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Areas of Interest Urbanism Urban planning Urban development Paolo Veneri is an economist, Head of the Regional Analysis and Statistics Unit in the OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities. He co-ordinates a number of projects on urban and [...]
Ray Bowman
Lecturer Ray Bowman France raymond.bowman@grenoble-em.com Universities & Institutions Grenoble École de Management Areas of Interest Enterpreneurship development Innovation SMEs Business consultancy Ray Bowman is part of the Department of Technology Management and Strategy of the Grenoble École de Management and a lecturer at the California State University Channel Islands. Dr. Ray Bowman has been involved [...]
Alexander Peter Groh
Alexander Peter Groh France Universities & Institutions EMLYON Business School Areas of Interest Venture Capital Private Equity Entrepreneurial Finance Alexander GROH is a Professor of Finance at the EMLYON Business School. Dr. Groh specializes on Venture Capital, Private Equity and Entrepreneurial Finance research. He is coauthor of the Global Venture Capital and Private Equity Country [...]
Yan Alperovych
PhD Yan Alperovych France Universities & Institutions EMLYON Business School Areas of Interest Capital structure in SMEs Entrepreneurial finance Venture capital Private equity Yan Alperovych is an Associate Professor at the EMLYON Business School. Yan teaches corporate finance and related topics in MSc in Management and Specialized Master in Financial Engineering programs. His research interests [...]
Roya Gholami
Professor Roya Gholami France rghol2@uis.edu https://sites.google.com/a/uis.edu/roya-gholami/ Universities & Institutions NEOMA Business School Areas of Interest Operations and Information Management Business Supply Chain & Decisions Dr Gholami is Professor at NEOMA Business School, France. Prior to joining NEOMA Business School (former Rouen Business School), she has worked at University of Illinois (US), Carnegie Mellon University (US), [...]
Eric Bidet
Associate Professor Eric Bidet France ericbidet@yahoo.fr Universities & Institutions Le Mans University Areas of Interest social economy and social enterprise in Europe social enterprise in Asia, especially in South Korea Eric Bidet is the Director of the Master and Chair of Social and Solidarity Economy at Le Mans University and Co-president of Addes. He also [...]
Alejandro Agafonow
Professor Alejandro Agafonow France alejandro.agafonow@essca.fr Universities & Institutions ESSCA School of Management Areas of Interest Social Enterprise Organizational Economics Philosophy of Science Dr Agafonow is a Professor at ESSCA School of Management, and serves as Associate Editor in the journal Business Ethics: A European Review. He is a well-travelled academic with a significant international track-record, [...]
Arthur Gautier
Assistant Professor Arthur Gautier France gautierart@essec.edu Universities & Institutions ESSEC Business School Areas of Interest Philanthropy Social entrepreneurship Hybrid philanthropic practices Impact investing Crowdfunding Shareholder foundations Arthur Gautier is Assistant Professor at ESSEC Business School and Executive Director of the ESSEC Philanthropy Chair. He teaches at the Grande Ecole and ESSEC Executive Education. Since 2016, [...]
Sylvain Celle
PhD Sylvain Celle France celle.sylvain@gmail.com Universities & Institutions Université Lille 1 Areas of Interest Social and solidarity economy Social Enterprise Social innovation Inequality Based in Amiens, Sylvain is a project manager at the Godin Institute and a doctoral student in economics at Clersé at Lille 1 University. His research is part of institutionalist political economy [...]
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